Operation Principle of the Photocopier

 

Chester Carlson demonstrates his original copying process in 1963.

NPR. (2013). Chester Carlson [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2013/10/21/chester-carlson-e82f961663c76266c2bf56f36d077eaa150fb1dd-s800-c85.webp

A photocopy machine, often called a copier or photocopier, operates utilizing a process known as xerography. The fundamental steps in the procedure are listed below:

1. On the copier's glass surface, a document is placed face down.
2. The document is illuminated by the copier's light source, and the reflected light is collected by a lens and directed onto a photosensitive drum.
3. The photosensitive drum's surface is covered in a light-sensitive substance. The drum generates a static charge whenever light strikes it.
4. The toner cartridge, which contains negatively charged black toner particles, is subsequently passed over by the drum. An image of the document is produced on the drum by the toner particles being drawn to the static-charged regions of the drum.
5. The toner particles are subsequently transferred to the paper by rolling the drum over it. A permanent picture is then produced by applying pressure and heat to the toner to fuse it to the paper.
6. The copy machine finally ejects the paper.

To make more than one copy of the same document, repeat this procedure. Other capabilities like automatic document feeders, double-sided printing, and color printing could be available on more modern copiers.

Technology Student. (n.d.). Copier [Image]. Retrieved from https://technologystudent.com/designpro/copier1aa.gif